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Ancient system, modern career

Ayurveda is now part of the mainstream in medical systems and job opportunities abound in this field.

Photo: K. K. Mustafah 

HEALTH IS WEALTH: Medicated oil being applied on a patient at an ayurveda clinic.

Be it plush spas at idyllic locations of Italy or exclusive consultation costing a fortune at London's high-end real estate, Ayurvedic treatments are suddenly making their presence felt. Celebrities such as Naomi Campbell, Demi Moore, Cherie Blair and Madonna have already embraced this ancient system in their daily regime.

An image of exclusivity made Ayurveda look inaccessible to a major section of the population till now but now there is an awareness that it might just be the answer to many health disorders. This at a time of spiralling health care costs of allopathic medicine and the unwarranted side effects due to it.

Ayurveda is recognised by World Health Organisation (WHO) which supports research and integration of Ayurveda as part of a comprehensive modern medical approach to health.

The science of life

"The first breakthrough in mind-body medicine is, your mind is not in your body, your body is in your mind. This is a profound Vedic thought that is gaining credibility the world over," says Deepak Chopra, the forerunner in popularising Ayurveda in the West.

Ayurveda looks at the whole body as a pharmacy. Ayurveda, literally meaning the science of life, aims at healing the individual as a whole, at all levels, whether physical, psychological, spiritual or social.

The approach of an Ayurvedic treatment is to treat the cause of the disease, as opposed to allopathic which treats the symptoms. As per Ayurveda, `health' is a state of equilibrium of normal functions of doshas (vital principles of doshas are vata, pitta and kapha, which together regulate and control the catabolic and anabolic metabolism), dhatus (elements providing the nourishment to all the tissues), malas (waste products) and agni(biological fire which aids metabolic and digestive activity) with body, mind and soul.

When dosha-dhatu-malas and agni are in a state of functional equilibrium, health is maintained; distortion of the equilibrium results in diseases. An erratic lifestyle is believed to be one of the basic causes behind the failure of the mechanism of maintaining equilibrium.

Treatment either with or without drugs and application of specific rules of diet, activity and mental status as described, specific to the disease, brings back the state of equilibrium, that is, health.

There are eight divisions in Ayurvedic therapeutics: Kayachikitsa — internal medicine; Shalya — surgery; Shalkya — Otorinolaryngology and Ophthalmology (ENT); Kaumr Bhritya — Paediatrics, Gynaecology and Obstetrics; Agad tantra — Toxicology; Rasayana — gerontology; Vajikaran — Aphrodisiacs; and Bhoot Vidya — Psychiatry.

The principles of treatment are Shodhan (purificatory), Shaman (palliative and conservative), Nidan parivarjan (avoidance of causative and precipitating factors of disease) and Pathya Vyavastha (dos and don'ts regarding diet and lifestyle).

The Central Council of Indian Medicine is a body corporate established under the provisions of IMCC Act, 1970, to maintain the Central Register of Practitioners of Indian Medicines and for dealing with matters connected therewith.

The Council is responsible for maintaining the minimum standards of education. This Council has introduced the following courses:

Ayurveda degree course — Ayurvedacharya (BAMS).

Ayurveda postgraduate course — Ayurved Vachaspati (MD Ayurved).

Ayurved Varidhi (Ph.D. Ayurveda).

The country has 233 Ayurveda colleges with 58 postgraduate programmes.

BAMS

The BAMS course is equivalent to MBBS in allopathy, the procedure to get into the course is the same as well, duration of the course is 4 1/2 years + one year internship.

A candidate should have passed higher secondary school certificate examination with science subjects including biology. Knowledge of Sanskrit is helpful.

MD

It can be pursued after BAMS for a duration of three years. In the first year, there is general orientation in different subjects and in the second and third years there is specialisation and dissertation. A few universities such as the Banaras Hindu University (BHU) offer MD in Ayurveda to MBBS graduates.

Some of the well-known universities are: Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, Phone: 91+0542-2307540 (http://www.bhu.ac.in/ayurveda).

Gujarat Ayurved University, Administrative Bhavan, Jamnagar-361 008, Gujarat, Phone: 288-2676854, Fax: 288-2555585, Email: info@ ayurveduniversity.com.

National Institute of Ayurveda, Department of Ayurveda (AYUSH), Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Madhav Vilas Palace, Amer Road, Jaipur-302002, Phone: 091-141-2635709, 2635816, Fax: 91-141-2635709; http://nia.nic.in/

Career avenues

Ayurvedic doctors are in great demand not only in the country, but overseas as well, as floodgates have opened up for recruitment in Australia, the Gulf, Malaysia, the U.K. and the U.S. Grants have been received from the U.S.

National Institute of Health to foster a globalised scientific understanding of Ayurveda. Those who have qualified in ayurveda can chart out a good career path. The choices before them:

Starting own enterprises (ayurvedic clinics, nursing homes, Panchakarma centres, etc.); industry positions; ayurvedic hospitals; ayurvedic medicine manufacturing units; cultivation of herbal gardens; faculty in ayurvedic colleges; hold workshops in ayurveda; consultancy in India and abroad; research in ayurveda.

"Ayurveda has huge growth potential and there are enormous opportunities now, unlike in the days when I stepped into the field", says Gopinath, who has been an Ayurvedic practitioner for 43 years and serves as a founding member in the committee of many Ayurvedic colleges. With the recent boom in the healthcare industry and the acceptance of traditional medicine into the mainstream, there is now a billion dollar market for this system.